There are two parts to a citation: in-text and full reference.
An in-text citation appears in the body of your work, immediately preceding or following the use of information from another source. Usually an in-text citation consists of the author's surname, the publication year, and/or page number. Some citation styles, such as Chicago, use numbered footnotes.
Examples
| APA | MLA | Chicago |
| (Brown, 1997) | (Brown 22-25) | 1. William Faulkner, Absalom, Absalom! (New York: Vintage Books, 1990), 271. |
| (Olson et al., 2010, p. 67) | (Olson et al. 67) | 1. Susan Peck MacDonald, “The Erasure of Language,” College Composition and Communication 58, no. 4 (2007): 619. |
The full reference for each source cited within the body of your work must be given in a list at the end of the work. The formatting of the references will depend on the citation style you are using.
Examples
APA
Poggi, C. (2012). Picasso's first constructed sculpture: A tale of two guitars. The Art Bulletin, 94(2), 274-298. https://doi.org/10.1080/00043079.2012.10786041
MLA
Poggi, Christine. "Picasso's First Constructed Sculpture: A Tale of Two Guitars." The Art Bulletin, vol. 94, no. 2, 2012., pp. 274-298. doi:10.1080/00043079.2012.10786041.
Chicago
Peltonen, Kirsi, Noora Ellonen, Helmer B. Larsen, and Karin Helweg-Larsen. “Parental Violence and Adolescent Mental Health.” European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry 19, no. 11 (2010): 813-822. doi: 10.1007/s00787-010-0130-8.
For more examples on how to cite using the three most common citation styles (APA, MLA, and Chicago), please refer to these helpful guides:
Introduction to APA Style Citation