Group Project Topic:
In recent years, there has been much discussion of “weapons of mass destruction”,
including biological warfare. During World War 2, Great Britain conducted experiments
with anthrax spores on a small offshore island called Gruinard. In your project report,
examine and discuss the following aspects related to those experiments –
Describe the experiments and their results.
Were there any impacts on British military/political policies?
Were there any ecological or environmental impacts?
How were any such impacts remedied?
Was there ever any proof that two of the Axis powers [Germany/Japan] used
biological weapons such as anthrax?
Concept Map Review:
E X P A N D E D C O N C E P T S
Gruinard Anthrax experiment* result* ecolog* politic*
Anthracis environment* militar*
R E L A T E D C O N C E P T
Anthrax German* “world war”
Anthracis Japan*
Is There Relevant Material On Google Scholar?
Start as before with a general search -
gruinard ( anthrax OR anthracis )
Remember that Google automatically and invisibly inserts the word AND between Gruinard and the set of brackets which follows.
The command word OR must be in capital letters.
Note: When using Scholar, you DO need to use (…..brackets…..) to group words describing a concept.
Google Scholar will interpret this search to mean –
Find all records containing the word Gruinard.
Find all records containing the words anthrax or anthracis or both words.
Keep all records which contain both concepts : Gruinard and also anthrax/anthracis.
The search retrieves over 800 records, including books/journal articles/government documents/conference papers, and other good - quality materials. A few sample records are shown below. This very general search gives good results on what the Gruinard experiments were, and also information on the effects of those tests.
How can you get to the full – text of these documents?
