There are two formats for the Chicago Citation Style: the Author Date and the Humanities format. Remember to see if the instructor or journal you are writing the paper for has a preference as to which is used. Whichever style you use be sure to be consistent throughout the paper.
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Chicago Style (Author-Date)
The Chicago Citation Style outlined below is based on the Chicago Manual of Style, 16th edition. There are two ways that Chicago Citation can be used: one is called the “notes & bibliography” style. This style requires the use of either numbered footnotes or endnotes and has the date at the end of the citation. The second style is known as the “author-date” style which uses in text citation eg. (Smith 1999) and has an author-date style in the references (ie. Smith, Murray. 1999 …). To avoid confusion we have created separate handouts for each form of the Chicago Citation style. For further information see chapter 15 of the Chicago Manual of Style.
Book
One author
T:
(Drury 2008, 65)
R:
Drury, Shadia. 2008. Aquinas and modernity: The lost promise of natural law. Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield Pub.
Two authors
T:
(Singer and Langdon 2004, 28-29)
R:
Singer, Barnett and John Langdon. 2004. Cultured force: Makers and defenders of the French colonial empire. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press.
Three authors
T:
(Novack, Frankel and Feldman 1974, 34)
R:
Novack, George, Dave Frankel and Fred Feldman. 1974. The first three Internationals: Their history and lessons. New York: Pathfinder Press.
Four or more authors
T:
(Kendall et al. 1997, 114)
R:
Kendall, Laurel, Barbara Mathe, Thomas Ross Miller, and Stanley A. Freed. 1997. Drawing shadows to stone : the photography of the Jesup North Pacific Expedition, 1897-1902. New York: Douglas and McIntyre.
Editor, translator, or compiler instead of author
T:
(Bloom 1968, 22)
R:
Bloom, Allan, trans. 1968. The Republic. New York: Basic Books.
Editor, translator, or compiler in addition to author
T:
(Hemingway 1985, 22)
R:
Hemingway, Ernest. 1985. Dateline Toronto: The complete Toronto Star dispatches 1920-1924. Edited by William White. New York: Scribner.
Chapter or other part of a book
T:
(Williams 2008, 64-65)
R:
Williams, Jenny. 2008. “Berlin in the early life and work of Hans Fallada.” In Berlin’s culturescape, edited by Thomas Bredohl and Michael Zimmermann, 53-75. Regina, SK: Canadian Plains Research Centre.
Chapter of an edited volume originally published elsewhere (as in primary sources)
T:
(Cicero 1986, 35)
R:
Cicero, Quintus Tullius. 1986. “Handbook on canvassing for the consulship.” In Rome: Late republic and principate, edited by Walter Emil Kaegi Jr. and Peter White. Vol. 2 of University of Chicago readings in Western Civilization, edited by John Boyer and Julius Kirshner, 33–46. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. Originally published in Evelyn S. Shuckburgh, trans., The Letters of Cicero, vol. 1 (London: George Bell & Sons, 1908).
Preface, foreword, introduction, or similar part of a book
T:
(Kavanagh 1985, xx–xxi)
R:
Kavanagh, Patrick Joseph. 1985. Introduction to The Bodley Head G. K. Chesterson, by G. K. Chesterson, i-xxiii. London: Bodley Head.
Book published electronically
If an access date is required by your publisher or discipline, include it parenthetically at the end of the citation, as in the first example below.
T:
(Ingle 2006)
R:
Ingle, Stephen. 2006. The social and political thought of George Orwell: A reassessment. New York: Routledge. http://lib.myilibrary.com/Browse/open.asp?ID=50645&loc=28
Journal article
Article in a print journal
T:
(Anderson 2010, 88)
R:
Anderson, Perry. 2010. “Two Revolutions.” New Left Review 61:59-96.
Article in an online journal
Include a DOI (Digital Object Identifier) if the journal lists one. A DOI is a permanent ID that, when appended to http://dx.doi.org/ in the address bar of an Internet browser, will lead to the source. If no DOI is available, list a URL. Include an access date only if one is required by your discipline.
T:
(Upshaw, Chernov and Koranda 2007)
R:
Upshaw, James, Gennadiy Chernov, and David Koranda. 2007. “Telling more than news: Commercial Influence in Local Television Stations.” Electronic News 1, no. 2. Accessed March 12, 2012. doi:10.1080/19312430709336909.
Popular magazine or Newspaper article
Newspaper and magazine articles may be cited in running text (“As Adrian Ewins reported recently in the Western Producer on April 22, 2010, . . .”), and they are commonly omitted from a reference list. The following examples show the more formal versions of the citations. If you consulted the article online, include a URL; include an access date only if your discipline requires one. If no author is identified, begin the citation with the article title.
T:
(Steyn 2010, 54)
R:
Steyn, Mark. 2010. “Your Downturn, Their Upturn.” Maclean’s, March 22.
T:
(Ewins 2010)
R:
Ewins, Adrian. 2010. “Port Looks to New Export Opportunities.” Western Producer, April 22, 68.
Book review
T:
(Webber 2009, 59)
R:
Webber, Jeffrey R. 2009. “A Theory of Globalized Capital.” Review of Latin America and Globalized Capitalism, by William I. Robinson. Monthly Review, October.
Thesis or dissertation
T:
(Burianyk 2003, 22–29)
R:
Burianyk, Kathryn Vera. 2003. “The ‘Home front’ in Regina during World War II.” MA thesis, University of Regina.
Paper presented at a meeting or conference
T:
(Doyle 2002)
R:
Doyle, Brian. 2002. “Howling like dogs: Metaphorical language in Psalm 59.” Paper presented at the annual international meeting for the Society of Biblical Literature, in Berlin, Germany, June 19–22.
Web site
A citation to website content can often be limited to a mention in the text (“On its Web site, the Regina City Council has published a bylaw prohibiting . . .”). If a more formal citation is desired, it may be styled as in the examples below. Because such content is subject to change, include an access date or, if available, a date that the site was last modified. In the absence of a date of publication, use the access date or last-modified date as the basis of the citation.
T:
(Regina City Council)
R:
Regina City Council. “Bylaw no. 2006-38 the Regina Anti-Bullying and Public Fighting Bylaw.” Accessed April 30, 2011. http://www.regina.ca/AssetFactory.aspx?did=2997.
Weblog entry or comment
Weblog entries or comments may be cited in running text (“In a post on the Get Religion Blog on March 15, 2012, Mollie Hemingway remarked . . .”) instead of in a note or an in-text citation, and they are commonly omitted from a bibliography or reference list as well. If a reference list entry is needed, cite the blog post there but mention comments in the text only. (If an access date is required, add it before the URL).
T:
(Hemingway 2012)
R:
Hemingway, Mollie Ziegler. 2012. “A Curious Case of Old Testament Proof-Texting.” Get Religion blog, March 15. Accessed March 16, 2012. http://www.getreligion.org/2012/03/a-curious-case-of-old-testament-proof-texting/.
E-mail message
E-mail messages may be cited in running text (“In an e-mail message to the author on March 31, 2011, Henry Ripplinger revealed . . .”) instead of in a note or an in-text citation, and they are rarely listed in a bibliography or reference list. The following example shows the more formal version of a note.
N:
2. Henry Ripplinger, e-mail message to author, October 31, 2009.